Regulation of Insurance Intermediaries

Introduction

With effect from 23 September 2019, the Insurance Authority (“IA”) is the sole regulator to license and supervise all insurance intermediaries in Hong Kong. The IA is responsible for supervising insurance intermediaries’ compliance with the provisions of Insurance Ordinance (Cap.41) (“IO”), and the relevant regulations, rules, codes and guidelines issued by the IA. The IA is also responsible for promoting and encouraging proper standards of conduct of insurance intermediaries, and has regulatory powers in relation to licensing, inspection, investigation and disciplinary sanctions.

The regulatory regime for insurance intermediaries is activity-based. Under section 64G of the IO, a person must not carry on a regulated activity, or must not hold out that the person is carrying on a regulated activity, in the course of business or employment, or for reward unless the person holds an appropriate type of insurance intermediary licence or is exempt under the IO. It is an offence for contravening section 64G of the IO.

Regulated Activity

Under section 3A(a) of the IO, a person carries on a regulated activity if the person does any of the following acts (Part 1 of Schedule 1A to the IO):

the act of negotiating or arranging a contract of insurance
the act of inviting or inducing, or attempting to invite or induce, a person to enter into a contract of insurance
the act of inviting or inducing, or attempting to invite or induce, a person to make a material decision
the act of giving regulated advice

Under section 3A(b) of the IO, a person makes a material decision if the person makes a decision in relation to a matter specified below (Part 2 of Schedule 1A to the IO):

the making of an application or proposal for a contract of insurance
the issuance, continuance or renewal of a contract of insurance
the cancellation, termination, surrender or assignment of a contract of insurance
the exercise of a right under a contract of insurance
the change in any term or condition of a contract of insurance
the making or settlement of an insurance claim

Under section 3A(c) of the IO, a person gives regulated advice if the person gives an opinion in relation to a matter specified below (Part 3 of Schedule 1A to the IO):

the making of an application or proposal for a contract of insurance
the issuance, continuance or renewal of a contract of insurance
the cancellation, termination, surrender or assignment of a contract of insurance
the exercise of a right under a contract of insurance
the change in any term or condition of a contract of insurance
the making or settlement of an insurance claim

Types of Licensed Insurance Intermediaries

Under the IO, there are five types of licensed insurance intermediaries:

Licensed Insurance Agents	Licensed Insurance Brokers
1. Licensed Insurance Agency (Insurance Agency Licence) 2. Licensed Individual Insurance Agent (Individual Insurance Agent Licence) 3. Licensed Technical Representative (Agent) (Technical Representative (Agent) Licence)	1. Licensed Insurance Broker Company (Insurance Broker Company Licence) 2. Licensed Technical Representative (Broker) (Technical Representative (Broker) Licence)

Licensing Requirements

A person who wishes to carry on a regulated activity in Hong Kong may apply to the IA for an appropriate insurance intermediary licence under the IO. The IO requires the applicant to be a fit and proper person to carry on regulated activities in the lines of business concerned. Section 64ZZA of the IO provides the matters that the IA must have regard to in determining the fitness and properness of the applicant. To enhance transparency of the relevant regulatory requirements, a Guideline on "Fit and Proper" Criteria for Licensed Insurance Intermediaries under the Insurance Ordinance (Cap. 41) was issued by the IA.

Conduct Requirements

Licensed insurance intermediaries are required to comply with the statutory conduct requirements set out in sections 90, 91 and 92 (where applicable) of the IO and the relevant requirements set out in the codes of conduct issued under the IO. The IA has issued two separate codes of conduct, namely the Code of Conduct for Licensed Insurance Agents and the Code of Conduct for Licensed Insurance Brokers. These codes promulgate principles of conduct and related standards and practices with which licensed insurance agents and licensed insurance brokers are ordinarily expected to comply in carrying on regulated activities.